Law Review and Bar Journal References:

"Jury Instructions for Insanity," Clarence R. Wietharn, 9 W.L.J. 271, 279 (1970).

"Criminal Law—Chronic Alcoholism as a Defense to Public Drunkenness," Joseph Graf, 9 W.L.J. 464, 465 (1970).

"Survey of Kansas Law: Criminal Law and Procedure," Keith G. Meyer, 27 K.L.R. 391, 392, 435 (1979).

"Representing the Impaired Lawyer," Jack Focht, 74 J.K.B.A. No. 8, 37 (2005).

CASE ANNOTATIONS

1. To be "involuntary" intoxicated, defendant must have yielded to irresistible force in first drinking; must be more than strong urge or "compulsion." State v. Seely, 212 Kan. 195, 203, 510 P.2d 115.

2. Mentioned; issue of intoxication bearing on state of mind properly question for jury; not disturbed on appeal. State v. Miles, 213 Kan. 245, 246, 515 P.2d 742.

3. Instruction on voluntary intoxication given in accord herewith; no error in refusing instruction on insanity. State v. Osbey, 213 Kan. 564, 571, 517 P.2d 141.

4. No instruction hereunder required in prosecution under K.S.A. 21-3411; intent not necessary element of crime proscribed. State v. Farris, 218 Kan. 136, 140, 143, 542 P.2d 725.

5. Contention failure to instruct on voluntary intoxication even though not requested without merit; conviction of burglary and theft affirmed. State v. Gross, 221 Kan. 98, 99, 558 P.2d 665.

6. Term "involuntarily produced" construed; intoxication caused by irresistible force; conviction under K.S.A. 21-3403 affirmed. State v. Palacio, 221 Kan. 394, 395, 396, 559 P.2d 804.

7. Referred to; failure to instruct on lesser included offense reversible error, under facts. State v. Seelke, 221 Kan. 672, 678, 561 P.2d 869.

8. Cited; presumption that person possesses a free will and is accountable for his rational conduct; exceptions. State v. Jones, 2 Kan. App. 2d 220, 226, 577 P.2d 357.

9. Section cited; conviction under K.S.A. 21-3410, 21-3427 upheld. State v. Cunningham, 222 Kan. 704, 708, 567 P.2d 879.

10. No error in refusal to instruct jury as to substance of this section in prosecution under K.S.A. 21-3414; conviction affirmed. State v. Davis, 2 Kan. App. 2d 698, 701, 587 P.2d 3.

11. Evidence of underlying felony of aggravated burglary strong and conclusive; no error in failure to give lesser included instructions based upon alleged intoxication. State v. Case, 228 Kan. 733, 738, 620 P.2d 821.

12. Sufficient evidence to find defendant not intoxicated; conviction of rape reversed upon other grounds. State v. Carr, 230 Kan. 322, 326, 634 P.2d 1104 (1981).

13. "Involuntary" intoxication involves more than strong urge or compulsion to drink. State v. Lilley, 231 Kan. 694, 697, 647 P.2d 1323 (1982).

14. Specific intent crimes (and general intent crimes as aider and abettor) require instruction on issue. State v. Sterling, 235 Kan. 526, 528, 680 P.2d 301 (1984).

15. Felony murder and other felony convictions, voluntary intoxication instruction. State v. Johns, 237 Kan. 402, 406, 699 P.2d 538 (1985).

16. Issue concerning level of intoxication was question for trier of fact. State v. Falke, 237 Kan. 668, 683, 684, 703 P.2d 1362 (1985).

17. Cited; voluntary intoxication as defense to theft (K.S.A. 21-3701) discussed. State v. Keeler, 238 Kan. 356, 360, 710 P.2d 1279 (1985).

18. Instruction on voluntary intoxication is in response to statute; diminished capacity instruction unnecessary where theory covered by general instructions. State v. Jackson, 238 Kan. 793, 799, 714 P.2d 1368 (1986).

19. Cited; necessity for instructions on voluntary intoxication examined. State v. Shehan, 242 Kan. 127, 744 P.2d 824 (1987).

20. Cited; PIK instruction on voluntary intoxication as consistent with statute examined. State v. Beebe, 244 Kan. 48, 60, 766 P.2d 158 (1988).

21. Voluntary intoxication instruction as not requiring separate instruction on diminished capacity due to posttraumatic stress disorder examined. State v. DeMoss, 244 Kan. 387, 392, 770 P.2d 441 (1989).

22. Voluntary intoxication distinguished from alibi (K.S.A. 22-3218) and insanity (K.S.A. 22-3219) as only two circumstances requiring notice of intended defense. In re Habeas Corpus Petition of Mason, 245 Kan. 111, 113, 775 P.2d 179 (1989).

23. Voluntary intoxication as defense in murder trial and instruction thereon examined. State v. Gadelkarim, 247 Kan. 505, 507, 802 P.2d 507 (1990).

24. Failure to give involuntary intoxication instruction not error under facts present; "irresistible force" examined. State v. Cooper, 252 Kan. 340, 349, 845 P.2d 631 (1993).

25. Cited in opinion stating voluntary intoxication may be raised as defense where specific intent crime charged. State v. Gonzales, 253 Kan. 22, 23, 853 P.2d 644 (1993).

26. Admission of testimony that defendant had on previous occasions physically abused victim examined. State v. Young, 253 Kan. 28, 31, 852 P.2d 510 (1993).

27. Whether judge erred by failing to give voluntary intoxication instruction in child abuse case examined. State v. Bruce, 255 Kan. 388, 394, 874 P.2d 1165 (1994).

28. Whether PIK jury instruction modified by court regarding voluntary intoxication defense was clearly erroneous examined. State v. Ludlow, 256 Kan. 139, 144, 883 P.2d 1144 (1994).

29. No error in failure to instruct jury on voluntary intoxication defense where no evidence of impairment presented. State v. Brown, 258 Kan. 374, 385, 904 P.2d 985 (1995).

30. Evidence of impairment of defendant insufficient to warrant jury instruction on voluntary intoxication. State v. Johnson, 258 Kan. 475, 485, 905 P.2d 94 (1995).

31. Refusal to give instruction on voluntary intoxication defense to rape found erroneous but no reversal required under facts of case. State v. Smith, 39 Kan. App. 2d 204, 210, 178 P.3d 672 (2008).

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