Law Review and Bar Journal References:

Oil and gas leases within, George B. Collins, 8 J.B.A.K. 25, 26 (1939).

1953-55 survey of Kansas law, Richard W. Stavely, 4 K.L.R. 174, 180 (1955); Earl B. Shurtz, 4 K.L.R. 185, 188, 191 (1955).

Survey of real property and future interests, James K. Logan, 12 K.L.R. 322 (1963).

"Survey on Kansas Easements Law," R. Scott Shackelford, 62 J.K.B.A. No. 2, 24, 26 (1993).

CASE ANNOTATIONS

1. Mortgage cannot be varied by parol as to indebtedness. Bell v. Coffin, 2 K.A. 337, 43 P. 861.

2. Performance of parol contract for easement renders it enforceable. Moore v. Railway Co., 7 K.A. 242, 53 P. 775. Reversed: Railway Co. v. Moore, 60 K. 107, 55 P. 344.

3. No action maintainable on any part of contract within statute. Mackey v. Thisler, 7 K.A. 276, 53 P. 767.

4. Receipt for rent is insufficient instrument under statute. Samuels v. Greenspan, 9 K.A. 140, 58 P. 482.

5. Three-year oral oil lease on lands is void. Rardin v. Baldwin, 9 K.A. 516, 60 P. 1097.

6. Every parol agreement for creation of estates is void. Moore v. Wade, 8 K. 380, 387.

7. Statute does not affect estate created by operation of law. Moore v. Wade, 8 K. 380, 387.

8. Section does not invalidate resulting trust. Franklin v. Colley, 10 K. 260, 263; Rose v. Hayden, 35 K. 106, 111, 10 P. 554; Garten v. Trobridge, 80 K. 720, 104 P. 1067.

9. Authority of agent must be in writing. Ayers v. Probasco, 14 K. 175, 187, 199; O'Neill v. Douthitt, 40 K. 689, 20 P. 493; Smith v. Schriver, 91 K. 582, 585, 138 P. 584; Nave v. Shaner, 105 K. 176, 179, 182 P. 389; Artz v. McArthur, 109 K. 355, 359, 199 P. 99.

10. Parol transfer of growing grass is void. Powers v. Clarkson, 17 K. 218, 220.

11. Agreement to rescind executory sale is not within statute. Carr v. Williams, 17 K. 575, 582 (Overruled: Ely v. Jones, 101 K. 572, 168 P. 1102); Ely v. Jones, 101 K. 572, 168 P. 1102.

12. Parol contract relating to federal lands held fraudulent. Brake v. Ballou 19 K. 397.

13. Title not proved by parol when party claiming has deed. Nay v. Mograin, 24 K. 75.

14. Part performance by tenant makes parol lease valid. Bard v. Elston, 31 K. 274, 1 P. 565.

15. Receipt for purchase price held insufficient instrument under statute. Fry v. Platt, 32 K. 62, 3 P. 781.

16. Improvements made by tenant; parol agreement not wholly void; damages. Deisher v. Stein, 34 K. 39, 7 P. 608.

17. Possession and improvements take sale out of statute. Newkirk v. Marshall, 35 K. 77, 10 P. 571.

18. Express trust must be in writing. Gee v. Thrailkill, 45 K. 173, 25 P. 588; Mallory v. Thomas, 71 K. 562, 81 P. 194.

19. Part payment of price is insufficient part performance. Guthrie v. Anderson, 47 K. 383, 28 P. 164.

20. Memorandum must be signed by purchaser charged. Guthrie v. Anderson, 47 K. 383, 28 P. 164.

21. Lease signed by lessee, accepted and performed, is binding. Harris v. Harper, 48 K. 418, 29 P. 697.

22. Contract to procure deed not binding on owner. Deiderick v. Alexander, 58 K. 56, 61 48 P. 594.

23. Parol executed agreement of partition is binding. McCullough v. Finley, 69 K. 705, 77 P. 696.

24. Statute is inapplicable to equitable mortgage. Foster v. Bank, 71 K. 158, 80 P. 49.

25. Signature by one partner as lessee binds firm. Marks v. Chumos, 82 K. 562, 109 P. 397.

26. Parol assignment of lease and part performance, cures defect, when. Marks v. Chumos, 82 K. 562, 109 P. 397.

27. Oral assignment and performance of lease binds parties. Marks v. Chumos, 82 K. 562, 564, 109 P. 397.

28. Possession may commence in parol without deed or writing. Manufacturing Co. v. Crawford, 84 K. 203, 206, 114 P. 240.

29. Written lease may be surrendered by oral agreement. Rogers v. Dockstader, 90 K. 189, 192, 133 P. 717. Criticized: Guy v. Gould, 126 K. 25, 26, 266 P. 925.

30. "Memorandum in writing" by agent, ineffective unless authorized in writing. Smith v. Schriver, 91 K. 582, 585, 138 P. 584.

31. Statute is inapplicable to executed agreement to make will. Meador v. Manlove, 97 K. 706, 711, 156 P. 731.

32. Written offer of lease may be accepted by parol. Willey v. Goulding, 99 K. 323, 326, 161 P. 611.

33. Evidence required to show oral gift of land considered. Cook v. Cook, 99 K. 351, 354, 161 P. 625.

34. Name of grantee may be changed without written authority. McClung v. Snook, 99 K. 355, 161 P. 663.

35. Written lease for one year, renewed for three. Skinner v. Davis, 104 K. 467, 179 P. 359.

36. Oral lease for one year, renewable for five years. Skinner v. Davis, 104 K. 467, 179 P. 359.

37. Delivery of part of land does not render oral contract binding. Dunn v. Winans, 106 K. 80, 186 P. 748.

38. In such case vendee may sue vendor for damages for improvements. Dunn v. Winans, 106 K. 80, 186 P. 748.

39. Written lease cannot be extended by parol and cultivation. Jones v. Smith, 107 K. 201, 202, 191 P. 299.

40. Minutes of school board held sufficient memorandum of contract. Whitlow v. Board of Education, 108 K. 604, 608, 196 P. 772.

41. Where specific performance of void contract fails, damages not recoverable. Artz v. McCarthy, 109 K. 355, 359, 199 P. 99.

42. Deed given to secure debt is equitable mortgage. Brinkerhoff v. Bank, 109 K. 700, 205 P. 779.

43. Writing required to transfer full title under such deed. Brinkerhoff v. Bank, 109 K. 700, 205 P. 779.

44. Lease of land for year beginning at future date, within statute. Lane v. Ozias, 114 K. 46, 217 P. 331.

45. Agent must have written authority for obligating principal to sell land. Yates v. Sugar and Land Co., 117 K. 405, 412, 231 P. 1034.

46. Oral promise to lease land for more than year is void. Hale v. Brown, 119 K. 303, 306, 239 P. 963.

47. Parol gift of real estate; evidence insufficient. Countryman v. Merwin, 129 K. 317, 319, 282 P. 724.

48. Cited in action to impress constructive trust on ground of fraud. Herthel v. Barth, 148 K. 308, 310, 81 P.2d 19.

49. Quitclaim deed effectually conveyed unexpired portion of twenty-year term. Kimberlin v. Hicks, 150 K. 449, 452, 94 P.2d 335.

50. Lessee's successor in title liable for rent under original written lease. Olson v. Frazer, 154 K. 310, 311, 313, 118 P.2d 505.

51. Parol agreement permitting occupancy of real estate during life enforceable. Cannon v. Harris, 161 K. 225, 228, 166 P.2d 998.

52. Wife not signing lease held estopped under facts to deny lease. Rogers v. Dumas, 166 K. 519, 522, 523, 203 P.2d 165.

53. Parol contract for growing of alfalfa partly performed not void. Stuber v. Sowder, 168 K. 467, 468, 469, 470, 213 P.2d 989.

54. Condemnation by city; lessee under oral lease held entitled to compensation. Miles v. City of Wichita, 175 K. 723, 728, 267 P.2d 943.

55. Applied; ejectment; record examined; oral lease held void hereunder. Byer v. Hohner, 178 K. 15, 19, 283 P.2d 499.

56. Oral assignment of lease accepted and acted upon section held inapplicable. Lundry v. Wodden, 178 K. 179, 181, 284 P.2d 586.

57. Oral contract to reinstate void lease exceeding one year in duration is unenforceable. Daniel v. Leben, 188 K. 344, 348, 349, 350, 362 P.2d 634.

58. Oral contract creating life estate valid; contract could have been performed in one year. Ortman v. Kraemer, 190 K. 716, 718, 378 P.2d 26.

59. Terms of informal agreement to purchase land not fully agreed upon; contract not enforceable. King v. Wenger, 219 K. 668, 673, 549 P.2d 986.

60. Section construed; oral modification of contract for sale of realty held to be substantial; within statute of frauds. Reno v. Beckett, 555 F.2d 757, 763.

61. Action on memorandum of agreement for lease of building barred by statute; memorandum insufficient. Progress Enterprises, Inc. v. The Litwin Corporation, 225 K. 212, 214, 589 P.2d 583.

62. Oral notice of election to exercise an option for renewal of a written lease held valid. Continental Builders, Inc. v. Leach, 5 K.A.2d 766, 767, 625 P.2d 5 (1981).

63. No violation hereof where renewal lease on same terms and conditions as original written lease. Prince Enterprises, Inc. v. Griffith Oil Co., 8 K.A.2d 644, 650, 664 P.2d 877 (1983).

64. Cited; where lease is within statute, operating agreement containing agreement to execute lease is also within statute. Dickinson, Inc. v. Balcor Income Properties Ltd., 12 K.A.2d 395, 398, 745 P.2d 1120 (1987).

65. Near end of twelve-month lease, students sign lease for subsequent twelve-month period but give written notice of cancellation before start of subsequent period and before acceptance by landlord: Held, not an enforceable oral agreement; tenants had right to cancel. Tang v. Loveland, 27 K.A.2d 185, 1 P.3d 922 (2000).

66. Section satisfied by "exclusive right to sell listing agreement," and other auction documents. Young v. Hefton, 38 K.A.2d 846, 856, 173 P.3d 671 (2008).